Power-sharing & Federalism
Bihar Board · Class 10 · Social Science
Flashcards for Power-sharing & Federalism — Bihar Board Class 10 Social Science. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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Get startedWhat is the ethnic composition of Belgium and why does it create challenges?
Answer
Belgium has 59% Dutch-speaking (Flemish), 40% French-speaking (Wallonia), and 1% German-speaking people. In Brussels, 80% speak French and 20% speak Dutch. This creates tension because the Dutch major…
How did Sri Lanka's majoritarian policies lead to civil war?
Answer
Sri Lanka (74% Sinhala, 18% Tamil) adopted majoritarian measures: 1956 Act made Sinhala the only official language, preferential policies for Sinhalas in jobs/education, constitution protected Buddhis…
Describe Belgium's innovative power-sharing arrangement.
Answer
Belgium's model includes: 1) Equal Dutch and French ministers in central government, 2) Many central powers given to state governments, 3) Brussels has separate government with equal representation, 4…
What is majoritarianism and why is it problematic?
Answer
Majoritarianism is the belief that the majority community should rule by disregarding minority wishes. It's problematic because it leads to alienation of minorities, social conflict, and can result in…
What are the two main reasons why power-sharing is desirable in democracy?
Answer
1) Prudential reasons: Reduces conflict between social groups, ensures political stability, prevents tyranny of majority. 2) Moral reasons: Power-sharing is the spirit of democracy - people have right…
Compare the outcomes in Belgium and Sri Lanka regarding power-sharing.
Answer
Belgium: Adopted accommodation, complex but successful power-sharing, avoided conflict, became EU headquarters. Sri Lanka: Followed majoritarianism, led to Tamil alienation, civil war, thousands kille…
What is horizontal division of power? Give examples.
Answer
Horizontal division means power shared among different organs at the same level - legislature, executive, judiciary. Each checks the others creating balance. Example: In India, ministers are responsib…
Explain vertical division of power with Indian examples.
Answer
Vertical division means power shared between higher and lower levels of government. In India: Central/Union Government (entire country), State Governments (provinces), and local governments (municipal…
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