Body Fluids and Circulation
Odisha Board · Class 11 · Biology
Complete topic list for Body Fluids and Circulation in Odisha Board Class 11 Biology. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Body Fluids and Circulation
Blood - Composition and Functions
- Blood is a fluid connective tissue consisting of plasma (55%) and formed elements (45%)
- Plasma is 90-92% water with proteins (6-8%) including fibrinogen, globulins, and albumins
- Formed elements include RBCs (erythrocytes), WBCs (leukocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes)
Blood Groups and Transfusion
- ABO system based on presence/absence of A and B antigens on RBCs
- Blood group A: A antigen, anti-B antibody; can receive from A and O
- Blood group B: B antigen, anti-A antibody; can receive from B and O
Blood Coagulation
- Blood clotting prevents excessive blood loss from injuries
- Fibrinogen (inactive) → Fibrin (active) by enzyme thrombin
- Prothrombin (inactive) → Thrombin (active) by thrombokinase complex
Lymphatic System
- Lymph is colorless fluid containing specialized lymphocytes
- Formed from tissue fluid that doesn't return directly to blood vessels
- Lymphatic system collects tissue fluid and returns it to bloodstream
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