Employment: Growth, Informalisation and Other Issues
Odisha Board · Class 11 · Economics
Flashcards for Employment: Growth, Informalisation and Other Issues — Odisha Board Class 11 Economics. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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What are economic activities and who are considered workers according to the chapter?
Answer
Economic activities are those activities which contribute to the gross national product of a country. Workers are all those who are engaged in economic activities in whatever capacity - high or low. T…
What is the Worker-Population Ratio and what does it indicate?
Answer
Worker-Population Ratio is calculated by dividing the total number of workers by the total population and multiplying by 100. It indicates the proportion of population actively contributing to product…
Why is the worker-population ratio higher in rural areas (42%) compared to urban areas (38%)?
Answer
Rural areas have higher worker-population ratio because: 1) People have limited resources and cannot afford to stay unemployed, 2) Many don't attend educational institutions or discontinue studies to …
Classify workers based on their employment status. Give examples of each category.
Answer
Three categories: 1) Self-employed (57% of workforce) - own and operate enterprises, e.g., cement shop owner, vegetable vendor; 2) Regular salaried employees (21%) - employed regularly with fixed wage…
What are the three major economic sectors and give examples of industries in each?
Answer
Primary Sector: Agriculture, Mining and Quarrying; Secondary Sector: Manufacturing, Electricity/Gas/Water Supply, Construction; Tertiary/Service Sector: Trade, Transport and Storage, Services. In Indi…
What is 'jobless growth' and when did it occur in India?
Answer
Jobless growth refers to a situation where GDP grows without corresponding increase in employment opportunities. In India, this phenomenon was observed in the late 1990s when employment growth started…
Explain the structural shift in India's workforce from 1972-73 to 2022-23.
Answer
Major shift from primary to secondary and tertiary sectors: Primary sector employment declined from 74.3% (1972-73) to 46.1% (2022-23). Secondary sector increased from 10.9% to 24.9%. Service sector g…
What is 'casualisation of workforce' and why is it concerning?
Answer
Casualisation of workforce refers to the process of moving from self-employment and regular salaried employment to casual wage work. It makes workers highly vulnerable because casual workers have: no …
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