An Imperial Capital: Vijaynagara
Odisha Board · Class 12 · History
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Explore the full setWho founded the Vijayanagara Empire and when? What does the name 'Vijayanagara' mean?
Answer
The Vijayanagara Empire was founded by brothers Harihara and Bukka in 1336 CE according to tradition and epigraphic evidence. 'Vijayanagara' means 'city of victory' and was the name of both the empire…
What were the geographical boundaries of the Vijayanagara Empire at its peak?
Answer
At its heyday, the Vijayanagara Empire stretched from the river Krishna in the north to the extreme south of the Indian peninsula, covering much of present-day Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, a…
What happened to Vijayanagara in 1565 and what was the battle called?
Answer
In 1565, Rama Raya led the Vijayanagara army into battle at Rakshasi-Tangadi (also known as Talikota), where his forces were defeated by the combined armies of Bijapur, Ahmadnagar, and Golconda. The v…
Who was Colin Mackenzie and what was his contribution to Vijayanagara studies?
Answer
Colin Mackenzie (1754-1821) was a Scottish engineer, surveyor, and first Surveyor General of India. He brought the ruins at Hampi to light in 1800 and prepared the first survey map of the site. He col…
What are the three different names used for the rulers in the popular traditions? What do they signify?
Answer
In popular traditions: Vijayanagara rulers were called 'narapati' (lord of men), Deccan Sultans were 'ashvapati' (lord of horses), and Gajapati rulers of Orissa were 'gajapati' (lord of elephants). Th…
List the four dynasties that ruled Vijayanagara and their periods of rule.
Answer
1. Sangama dynasty (1336-1485) - founders 2. Saluva dynasty (1485-1503) - military commanders 3. Tuluva dynasty (1503-1542) - included Krishnadeva Raya 4. Aravidu dynasty (1542-17th century) - ruled f…
Who was Krishnadeva Raya and what were his major achievements?
Answer
Krishnadeva Raya (r. 1509-1529) was the most famous ruler of Vijayanagara from the Tuluva dynasty. His achievements include: acquiring the Raichur doab (1512), subduing Orissa rulers (1514), defeating…
Explain the amara-nayaka system and its similarity to other administrative systems.
Answer
The amara-nayaka system was Vijayanagara's major political innovation, likely derived from the Delhi Sultanate's iqta system. Amara-nayakas were military commanders given territories to govern, collec…
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