Psychological Disorders

Deviance, Distress, Dysfunction, Danger

The 'four Ds' are the common features used to define abnormal behavior: Deviance (different/unusual), Distress (unpleasant/upsetting), Dysfunction (interfering with daily activities), and Danger (potentially harmful).

True

The chapter mentions that we experience anxiety before examinations or performances, and this is normal and expected as it motivates us to do our task well. It becomes a disorder only when it's excessive and interferes with functioning.

Specific phobias, Social phobias, Agoraphobia

The chapter specifically mentions three main types of phobias: specific phobias (fear of specific objects/animals), social phobias (fear of social situations), and agoraphobia (fear of unfamiliar situations/leaving home).

True

PTSD indeed stands for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, which occurs in people who have experienced traumatic events like natural disasters, accidents, or violent situations.