Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Light and non-sticky pollen grains, Well-exposed stamens, Large, feathery stigma

Wind-pollinated flowers have light, non-sticky pollen for easy transport, well-exposed stamens for pollen dispersal, and large feathery stigma to trap airborne pollen. They don't need bright colors or nectar as they don't attract animals.

Seven

A mature embryo sac is 8-nucleate but 7-celled. It contains 3 cells in egg apparatus (2 synergids + 1 egg), 3 antipodal cells, and 1 large central cell with 2 polar nuclei. The central cell has 2 nuclei but is counted as one cell.

Fusion of one male gamete with egg cell, Fusion of second male gamete with polar nuclei, Formation of diploid zygote, Formation of triploid endosperm nucleus

Double fertilization involves syngamy (male gamete + egg = diploid zygote) and triple fusion (male gamete + 2 polar nuclei = triploid primary endosperm nucleus). This unique process occurs only in angiosperms.

Micropyle

The micropyle is a small opening at the tip of the ovule where integuments don't meet, allowing pollen tube entry. Hilum is the junction between ovule and funicle, chalaza is the basal part, and funicle is the stalk of ovule.