The Demographic Structure of the Indian Society
Haryana Board · Class 12 · Sociology
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Explore the full setWhat is Demography and what does it study?
Answer
Demography is the systematic study of population. The term comes from Greek words 'demos' (people) and 'graphein' (describe). It studies trends and processes associated with population including chang…
Distinguish between Formal Demography and Social Demography.
Answer
Formal Demography: A largely quantitative field focused on measurement and analysis of population components using mathematical methodology for forecasting. Social Demography: Focuses on social, econo…
What is the Malthusian Theory of Population Growth?
Answer
Thomas Malthus (1798) argued that population grows in geometric progression (2,4,8,16...) while food production grows in arithmetic progression (2,4,6,8...). Since population growth outstrips food sup…
What are the three stages of the Demographic Transition Theory?
Answer
Stage 1: Low population growth - high birth rate, high death rate (underdeveloped society). Stage 2: High population growth - death rate falls quickly, birth rate remains high (transitional phase). St…
Define Birth Rate and how is it calculated?
Answer
Birth Rate is the number of live births per 1000 population in a given area during a specified period (usually one year). Formula: Birth Rate = (Total live births in a year / Total population) × 1000.
What is the Rate of Natural Increase?
Answer
Rate of Natural Increase = Birth Rate - Death Rate. When this difference is zero or very small, the population has 'stabilized' or reached 'replacement level' - the rate needed for new generations to …
Define Fertility Rate and distinguish it from Birth Rate.
Answer
Fertility Rate is the number of live births per 1000 women in child-bearing age group (15-49 years). Unlike Birth Rate which is a 'crude' rate for entire population, Fertility Rate is more specific to…
What is Infant Mortality Rate and its significance?
Answer
Infant Mortality Rate is the number of deaths of babies before age one per 1000 live births. High infant mortality indicates backwardness and poverty. Development leads to sharp falls in IMR as medica…
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