Pastoralists in the Modern World
Haryana Board · Class 9 · Social Science
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Explore the full setWhat are nomads and how do they earn their living?
Answer
Nomads are people who do not live in one place but move from one area to another to earn their living. They move with their herds of animals like goats, sheep, camels, and cattle in search of pastures…
Define pastoralism and explain its importance.
Answer
Pastoralism is a way of life where people rear animals like cattle, sheep, goats, and camels and move with them in search of pastures. It has been important in societies like India and Africa as it pr…
What is a kafila in the context of pastoral communities?
Answer
A kafila is a group formed when several pastoral households come together for their seasonal journey from winter to summer grazing grounds. For example, the Gujjar Bakarwals form kafilas when they mov…
Describe the seasonal movement pattern of Gujjar Bakarwals.
Answer
In winter, they live in the low Siwalik hills with their herds. By April, they form kafilas and march north, crossing Pir Panjal passes to reach Kashmir valley for summer grazing. By September, they r…
What are Bugyals and Bhabar?
Answer
Bugyals are vast natural meadows in high mountains above 12,000 feet, covered with grass and herbs in summer. Bhabar is a dry forested area below the foothills of Garhwal and Kumaon where pastoralists…
How did Dhangars of Maharashtra adapt to seasonal changes?
Answer
Dhangars stayed on the central plateau during monsoon, grazing on thorny scrub. By October, they moved west to Konkan coast where their sheep manured the fields and fed on stubble. They returned to th…
What are Kharif and Rabi crops?
Answer
Kharif is the autumn crop, usually harvested between September and October (like rice, cotton). Rabi is the spring crop, usually harvested after March (like wheat, barley). Pastoralists' movements wer…
Why did Raikas combine cultivation with pastoralism?
Answer
Raikas lived in Rajasthan's desert where rainfall was meagre and uncertain. Harvests fluctuated every year and vast stretches had no crops. So they combined cultivation with pastoralism to ensure live…
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