Distribution of Oceans and Continents
Himachal Pradesh Board · Class 11 · Geography
Flashcards for Distribution of Oceans and Continents — Himachal Pradesh Board Class 11 Geography. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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What is Pangaea and what does the name mean?
Answer
Pangaea was the supercontinent that existed about 200 million years ago, consisting of all present-day continents joined together. The name means 'all earth' in Greek. It was surrounded by a mega-ocea…
Who proposed the Continental Drift Theory and in which year?
Answer
Alfred Wegener, a German meteorologist, proposed the Continental Drift Theory in 1912. However, the earliest idea was suggested by Abraham Ortelius, a Dutch map maker, in 1596.
What were Laurasia and Gondwanaland?
Answer
When Pangaea first broke apart around 200 million years ago, it split into two large continental masses: Laurasia (northern component) and Gondwanaland (southern component). These later broke into the…
What is the jigsaw puzzle evidence for continental drift?
Answer
The coastlines of Africa and South America facing each other show a remarkable match, like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. This fit is most perfect at the 1,000-fathom line rather than the present shorelin…
What is tillite and how does it support continental drift?
Answer
Tillite is sedimentary rock formed from glacial deposits. The Gondwana system shows thick tillite at its base, indicating extensive glaciation. Similar tillite deposits are found in India, Africa, Fal…
How do fossils of Mesosaurus support continental drift theory?
Answer
Mesosaurus was a small reptile adapted to shallow brackish water. Its fossils are found only in two places: Southern Cape province of South Africa and Iraver formations of Brazil, which are now 4,800 …
What were the two forces Wegener proposed for continental drift and why were they rejected?
Answer
Wegener proposed: 1) Pole-fleeing force (due to Earth's rotation and equatorial bulge) and 2) Tidal force (due to attraction of moon and sun). These forces were rejected by most scholars as totally in…
What are the three major divisions of the ocean floor?
Answer
The three major divisions of the ocean floor are: 1) Continental margins (including continental shelf, slope, rise, and deep-oceanic trenches), 2) Deep-sea basins (abyssal plains), and 3) Mid-ocean ri…
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