Act One
ICSE · Class 12 · English-Play: Pygmalion
Quick revision notes for Act One — ICSE Class 12 English-Play: Pygmalion. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
Setting and Atmosphere
- The scene is set at Covent Garden at 11:15 P.M. during heavy summer rainfall
- The setting immediately establishes social class distinctions through the gathering of different people seeking shelter
- The rain serves as a practical device to bring characters together and creates urgency in their interactions
Character Introduction and Dynamics
- Eliza Doolittle is introduced as a flower girl with poor grammar, rough accent, and shabby clothing, yet possessing pride and ambition
- Henry Higgins appears as a fascinating but problematic character - brilliant but arrogant, insensitive, and dismissive of others' feelings
- The Gentleman (Colonel Pickering) serves as a foil to Higgins - educated, courteous, and morally principled
Higgins's Linguistic Abilities and the Phonetics Plot
- Higgins demonstrates his phonetics expertise by accurately identifying people's origins and backgrounds through their speech patterns
- He identifies the bystander as being from Hoxton, the sarcastic bystander from Hoxton, and the gentleman from Cheltenham, Harrow, Cambridge, and India - all proven correct
- His ability to reproduce Eliza's Cockney accent precisely shows his technical mastery of phonetics
Social Class and the Class System in Edwardian England
- Act One establishes a rigid class hierarchy visible in clothing, language, location, behavior, and access to resources (cabs)
- The flower girl represents the working poor - she owns her labor (selling flowers) but lacks social respectability and financial security
- The lady and her daughter represent the secure middle-to-upper class - they expect servants (Freddy) to solve problems and take offense at perceived slights
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