Natural Processes and Biogeochemical Cycles — Chapter Summary
ICSE · Class 9 · Environmental Science
Summary of Natural Processes and Biogeochemical Cycles for ICSE Class 9 Environmental Science. Part of the ICSE Class 9 Environmental Science syllabus.
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Overview
Life on Earth depends on connected natural processes that produce food, recycle nutrients, and keep matter moving through the environment. Photosynthesis makes food and releases oxygen, decomposition returns nutrients to the soil, adaptation helps organisms survive in different habitats, and evoluti
Key Concepts
Photosynthesis is the biological process by
Photosynthesis is the biological process by which green plants use carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight to prepare food in the form of
Decomposition is the biological process by
Decomposition is the biological process by which dead plants, dead animals, and organic waste are broken down into simpler inorganic substances by mic
Adaptation is the gradual evolutionary process
Adaptation is the gradual evolutionary process through which organisms develop structural, physiological, or behavioural characteristics that enable t
Camel adaptations include a hump
Camel adaptations include a hump for fat storage, concentrated urine, dry dung, long legs, broad padded feet, long eyelashes, and closable nostrils. P
Evolution is the gradual genetic change
Evolution is the gradual genetic change in populations of organisms over long periods of time. It happens through variation, inheritance, and natural
Learning Objectives
- Understand how photosynthesis produces food and oxygen in green plants.
- Explain the stages, factors, and importance of decomposition.
- Recognise how adaptation helps organisms survive in different habitats.
- Differentiate between adaptation and acclimatisation.
- Describe evolution, co-evolution, coexistence, and extinction.
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Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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