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Metals and Non-metals

Jharkhand Board · Class 10 · Science

Quick revision notes for Metals and Non-metals — Jharkhand Board Class 10 Science. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

60 questions20 flashcards5 concepts

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A diagram showing the setup for electrolytic refining of copper, with an impure copper anode, a pure copper cathode, and copper sulfate solution as the electrolyte. Illustrates the dissolution of impu
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Key Topics to Revise

1

Physical Properties of Metals and Non-metals

  • Metals have metallic lustre (shining surface) in pure state - iron, copper, aluminium show this property
  • Malleability: Metals can be beaten into thin sheets (gold and silver are most malleable)
  • Ductility: Metals can be drawn into thin wires (gold is most ductile - 2 km wire from 1g gold)
2

Chemical Properties and Reactivity of Metals

  • Metals react with oxygen to form basic metal oxides (some like Al₂O₃, ZnO are amphoteric)
  • Reactivity with oxygen: K, Na > Mg > Al > Zn > Fe > Pb > Cu > Hg > Ag, Au (no reaction)
  • Metals react with water: K, Na (violent reaction with cold water), Ca (less violent), Mg (hot water only)
3

Ionic Compounds Formation and Properties

  • Metals lose electrons to form positive ions (cations), non-metals gain electrons to form negative ions (anions)
  • Ionic compounds form through electron transfer between metals and non-metals
  • Na loses 1 electron to form Na⁺, Cl gains 1 electron to form Cl⁻, forming NaCl
4

Occurrence and Extraction of Metals

  • Metals occur as minerals in earth's crust; profitable minerals are called ores
  • Least reactive metals (Au, Ag, Pt, Cu) found in free state
  • Moderately reactive metals (Zn, Fe, Pb) found as oxides, sulfides, carbonates

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Metals exhibit characteristic propertiesNonMetals react with oxygen to formA list of metals arrangedMetals lose electrons to form positive

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Metals and Non-metals for Jharkhand Board Class 10 Science?
Key topics in Metals and Non-metals include Classification of Elements: Metals and Non-metals, Metals and Non-metals - Complete Chapter Overview, Metals and Non-metals Overview. These are the concepts Jharkhand Board Class 10 examiners draw on most — study them first, then practise related questions.
How to score full marks in Metals and Non-metals — Jharkhand Board Class 10 Science?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 60 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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