Learning

Any stimulus that increases the probability of a preceding response

A reinforcer is a stimulus that strengthens a behavior, making it more likely to be repeated in the future.

Cognitive, Associative, Autonomous

Fitts described skill acquisition as progressing through cognitive (understanding), associative (linking stimuli), and autonomous (automatic performance) phases.

Responding similarly to similar stimuli

Generalization occurs when an organism responds similarly to stimuli that are similar to the original conditioned stimulus.

A disorder causing difficulty in acquiring learning, reading, writing, and mathematical skills

Learning disabilities are disorders that make acquiring knowledge and skills challenging, often originating from central nervous system functioning issues.