Improvement in Food Resources

Improves soil structure, Increases water holding capacity, Adds organic matter to soil, Helps in recycling farm waste

Manure improves soil structure, increases water holding capacity in sandy soils, adds organic matter, and helps recycle farm waste. Unlike fertilizers, manure doesn't provide immediate nutrition but releases nutrients slowly.

Higher yield, Disease resistance, Improved quality, Wider adaptability

Crop variety improvement aims for higher yield, disease resistance, improved quality, and wider adaptability. Shorter (not longer) maturity duration is desired as it allows multiple crops per year and reduces production costs.

Unwanted plants in cultivated fields

Weeds are unwanted plants that grow in cultivated fields. Examples include Xanthium (gokhroo), Parthenium (gajar ghas), and Cyperus rotundus (motha). They compete with crops for nutrients, space, and light.

Bos indicus (cows), Bos bubalis (buffaloes)

Indian cattle belong to two main species: Bos indicus (cows) and Bos bubalis (buffaloes). These are well-adapted to Indian climatic conditions and are used for both milk production and agricultural work.