Outcomes of Democracy
Jammu & Kashmir Board · Class 10 · Social Science
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1. How to assess democracy's outcomes
- Democracy is better than dictatorship or any other alternative because it promotes equality, dignity, better decision-making, conflict resolution and correction of mistakes.
- More than a hundred countries claim and practice democratic politics, but they differ in social situation, economy and culture.
- Democracy should not be expected to solve every problem automatically; it creates conditions, and citizens must use them.
2. Accountable, responsive and legitimate government
- The most basic outcome of democracy is government that is accountable to citizens and responsive to their needs.
- In democracy, people choose rulers and can control them.
- Democracy is based on deliberation and negotiation, so decisions may take more time.
3. Economic development
- It is reasonable to expect democracy to produce development, but democracy is not a guarantee of economic development.
- Over 1950 to 2000, dictatorships had a slightly higher average economic growth rate than democracies.
- The growth rate was 3.95 for all democratic regimes and 4.42 for all dictatorial regimes.
4. Reduction of inequality and poverty
- Democracy is based on political equality, but economic inequality can still remain very high.
- In South Africa, the top 20% take 64.8% of national income and the bottom 20% get 2.9%.
- In Brazil, the top 20% take 63.0% and the bottom 20% get 2.6%.
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