Neural Control and Coordination
Jammu & Kashmir Board · Class 11 · Biology
Quick revision notes for Neural Control and Coordination — Jammu & Kashmir Board Class 11 Biology. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
1. Human Neural System
- The human neural system is divided into the central neural system and the peripheral neural system.
- The central neural system includes the brain and the spinal cord and is the site of information processing and control.
- The peripheral neural system comprises all the nerves of the body associated with the CNS.
2. Neuron: Structure and Types
- A neuron is the structural and functional unit of the neural system.
- A neuron is a microscopic excitable cell composed of the cell body, dendrites, and axon.
- The cell body contains cytoplasm, organelles, and Nissl's granules.
3. Resting Potential and Nerve Impulse
- Neurons are excitable because their membranes are in a polarised state.
- At rest, the axonal membrane is more permeable to K+ and nearly impermeable to Na+.
- The axoplasm contains high K+ and negatively charged proteins and low Na+.
4. Synapse and Transmission of Impulse
- A synapse is a junction formed by the membranes of a pre-synaptic neuron and a post-synaptic neuron.
- The synaptic cleft may or may not be present between the two membranes.
- There are two types of synapses: electrical synapse and chemical synapse.
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