Plant Kingdom
Jammu & Kashmir Board · Class 11 · Biology
Complete topic list for Plant Kingdom in Jammu & Kashmir Board Class 11 Biology. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Plant Kingdom
1. Classification of Plants
- Whittaker proposed the Five Kingdom classification in 1969: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Animalia and Plantae.
- Fungi and members of Monera and Protista with cell walls are excluded from Plantae.
- Cyanobacteria, also called blue green algae, are not classified as algae any more.
2. Algae
- Algae are chlorophyll-bearing, simple, thalloid, autotrophic and largely aquatic organisms.
- They may also occur on moist stones, soils, wood, in association with fungi in lichens, and even on animals.
- Algae show great diversity in form: unicellular, colonial and filamentous forms are all present.
3. Bryophytes
- Bryophytes include liverworts and mosses.
- They are called amphibians of the plant kingdom because they live on land but need water for sexual reproduction.
- They usually occur in damp, humid and shaded places and help in plant succession on bare rocks and soil.
4. Pteridophytes
- Pteridophytes include horsetails and ferns.
- They are the first terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues, xylem and phloem.
- They are used for medicinal purposes, as soil-binders and as ornamentals.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Classification and diversity of plants in Kingdom Plantae
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