The Three Orders
Jammu & Kashmir Board · Class 11 · History
Quick revision notes for The Three Orders — Jammu & Kashmir Board Class 11 History. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
1. Feudal Society and the Three Orders
- Feudalism as an established way of life emerged in the eleventh century, though its roots go back to the Roman Empire and Charlemagne’s age.
- The medieval era refers to the period between the fifth and fifteenth centuries.
- Feudalism was based on the relationship between lords and peasants: peasants cultivated land, and lords gave protection and exercised control.
2. France and England: Political Background
- Clovis became king of the Franks in 481 and converted to Christianity in 496.
- Charles Martel became mayor of the palace in 714 and was the father of Pepin.
- Pepin deposed the Frankish ruler in 751, became king, and established a dynasty.
3. The Nobility, Knights, and Manorial Life
- The nobility had a central role because they controlled land.
- The lord protected the vassal, and the vassal owed loyalty to the lord.
- The noble enjoyed absolute control over property and could hold courts of justice and coin money.
4. The Church, Monasteries, and Religious Life
- The Catholic Church had its own laws, owned land, and could levy taxes.
- The Pope was the head of the western Church and lived in Rome.
- The Church was entitled to a tenth share of peasants’ produce, called a tithe.
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