Electrochemistry

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Electrochemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the study of processes that produce electricity through chemical reactions and use electricity to bring about chemical reactions. It involve…

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The two main types of electrochemical cells are: 1. Galvanic cells - convert chemical energy into electrical energy (e.g., Daniel cell), 2. Electrolytic cells - use electrical energy to bring about ch…

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In a Daniel cell: Anode = Zinc electrode (where oxidation occurs: Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻), Cathode = Copper electrode (where reduction occurs: Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cu). Remember: Anode is negative, cathode is positi…

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Cell reaction: Zn(s) + Cu²⁺(aq) → Zn²⁺(aq) + Cu(s) Anode reaction: Zn(s) → Zn²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ Cathode reaction: Cu²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Cu(s) Electrons flow from Zn to Cu through external circuit.

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A salt bridge: 1. Connects the two half-cells electrically without mixing solutions, 2. Maintains electrical neutrality by allowing ion flow, 3. Completes the internal circuit for continuous current f…

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Anode: The electrode where oxidation occurs (loss of electrons). Cathode: The electrode where reduction occurs (gain of electrons). In galvanic cells: anode is negative, cathode is positive. In electr…

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Order of decreasing reactivity: Mg > Zn > Cu > Ag This is based on the reactivity series. More reactive metals have greater tendency to lose electrons (get oxidized) and can displace less reactive met…

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Copper is more reactive than silver according to the reactivity series. Copper will displace silver from silver nitrate solution: Cu + 2AgNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2Ag. This reaction would damage the vessel an…