Distribution of Oceans and Continents
Manipur Board · Class 11 · Geography
Quick revision notes for Distribution of Oceans and Continents — Manipur Board Class 11 Geography. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
Continental Drift Theory
- Alfred Wegener proposed Continental Drift Theory in 1912
- Pangaea - supercontinent meaning 'all earth'
- Panthalassa - mega ocean meaning 'all water'
Evidence for Continental Drift
- Jig-saw fit: Coastlines of Africa and South America match perfectly
- Rock formations: 2000 million year old rocks from Brazil match with Western Africa
- Tillite deposits: Gondwana system sediments found across six southern landmasses
Forces Behind Continental Drift
- Wegener proposed two forces: pole-fleeing force and tidal force
- Pole-fleeing force due to Earth's rotation and equatorial bulge
- Tidal force due to gravitational attraction of moon and sun
Ocean Floor Configuration
- Ocean floor has three major divisions: continental margins, deep-sea basins, mid-ocean ridges
- Continental margins include shelf, slope, rise, and deep-oceanic trenches
- Mid-oceanic ridges are longest mountain chains on Earth (submerged)
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