Ionic Equilibria — Important Questions
Maharashtra Board · Class 12 · Chemistry
44 important questions from Ionic Equilibria for Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry, with answers. Written for the board exams 2027.
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Important Questions from Ionic Equilibria
Which of the following are strong electrolytes? (Select all correct answers)
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HCl, NaOH, NaCl
Strong electrolytes ionize completely in aqueous solution. HCl (strong acid), NaOH (strong base), and NaCl (salt) are strong electrolytes. CH₃COOH and NH₄OH are weak electrolytes as they partially dissociate.
In the Brønsted-Lowry theory, identify the conjugate acid-base pairs in: HCl + H₂O ⇌ H₃O⁺ + Cl⁻
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HCl and Cl⁻ form a conjugate pair, H₂O and H₃O⁺ form a conjugate pair
HCl (acid) donates a proton to form Cl⁻ (conjugate base). H₂O (base) accepts a proton to form H₃O⁺ (conjugate acid). Conjugate pairs differ by one proton.
What is the relationship between pH and pOH at 25°C?
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pH + pOH = 14
From Kw = [H⁺][OH⁻] = 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴, taking negative logarithm: -log Kw = -log[H⁺] + (-log[OH⁻]), therefore 14 = pH + pOH.
Which of the following are examples of buffer solutions? (Select all correct answers)
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CH₃COOH + CH₃COONa, NH₄OH + NH₄Cl, H₂CO₃ + NaHCO₃
Buffer solutions contain either a weak acid and its salt with a strong base, or a weak base and its salt with a strong acid. These maintain pH by resisting changes when small amounts of acid or base are added.
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