Basic Concepts in Geometry — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 9 · Mathematics
20 flashcards for Basic Concepts in Geometry (Maharashtra Board Class 9 Mathematics) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What are the three basic undefined terms in geometry?
Answer
Point, Line, and Plane are the three basic undefined terms in geometry. These are fundamental concepts that we do not define but use to build all other geometric concepts. Lines and planes are sets of…
If point D has coordinate 1 and point E has coordinate 3 on a number line, what is the distance between them?
Answer
The distance between points D and E is 2 units. Distance = larger coordinate - smaller coordinate = 3 - 1 = 2. This is written as d(D,E) = 2 or l(DE) = 2.
How do you find the distance between two points on a number line using their coordinates?
Answer
To find distance between two points: 1) Identify their coordinates, 2) Subtract the smaller coordinate from the larger coordinate. The result is always positive. For example: if A is at -5 and B is at…
What does betweenness mean in geometry? Give the condition.
Answer
If P, Q, R are three distinct collinear points, then Q is between P and R if d(P,Q) + d(Q,R) = d(P,R). This is written as P-Q-R. The point Q divides the segment PR into two parts.
Define a line segment and identify its components.
Answer
A line segment AB (seg AB) is the union of point A, point B, and all points between A and B. Points A and B are called the endpoints of the segment. The length of seg AB is the distance between its en…
What is ray AB and how is it different from line AB?
Answer
Ray AB is the union of all points on seg AB and all points P such that A-B-P. Point A is the starting point. Line AB is the union of ray AB and its opposite ray. A ray has one starting point, while a …
When are two segments congruent? Write the notation.
Answer
Two segments are congruent if they have equal lengths. If l(AB) = l(CD), then seg AB ≅ seg CD. Congruent segments have the same measure but may be in different positions.
List the three properties of congruent segments.
Answer
1) Reflexivity: seg AB ≅ seg AB (every segment is congruent to itself), 2) Symmetry: If seg AB ≅ seg CD, then seg CD ≅ seg AB, 3) Transitivity: If seg AB ≅ seg CD and seg CD ≅ seg EF, then seg AB ≅ se…
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