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Gravitation

Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 11 · Physics

Quick revision notes for Gravitation — Madhya Pradesh Board Class 11 Physics. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

155 questions56 flashcards5 concepts

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Key Topics to Revise

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1. Historical background and Kepler’s laws

  • Galileo (1564-1642) recognised that all bodies fall towards the Earth with constant acceleration, regardless of mass.
  • Ptolemy proposed a geocentric model in which all celestial objects revolved around the Earth.
  • Aryabhatta mentioned the heliocentric model in the 5th century A.D., placing the Sun at the centre.
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2. Universal law of gravitation

  • Newton explained both falling bodies and planetary motion using one universal law.
  • Every body in the universe attracts every other body with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
  • The gravitational force is attractive and acts along the line joining the two masses.
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3. Gravitational constant and weighing the Earth

  • Henry Cavendish first experimentally determined G in 1798 using a torsion-balance apparatus.
  • The bar AB with small lead spheres at the ends twists due to attraction by large lead spheres.
  • At equilibrium, gravitational torque equals restoring torque.
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4. Acceleration due to gravity on and below Earth

  • Acceleration due to gravity is maximum at Earth’s surface.
  • It decreases when moving upward and also when moving downward below the surface.
  • At height h above Earth, gravity decreases with distance from the centre.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Ptolemy proposed a geocentric model"All planets move in elliptical orbits"The line that joins any planet"The square of the time period"Every body in the universe attracts

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Gravitation for Madhya Pradesh Board Class 11 Physics?
Gravitation covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Madhya Pradesh Board Class 11 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Gravitation — Madhya Pradesh Board Class 11 Physics?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 155 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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