Constitution as a Living Document
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 11 · Political Science
Complete topic list for Constitution as a Living Document in Madhya Pradesh Board Class 11 Political Science. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Constitution as a Living Document
1. Why Constitutions Change
- Many nations rewrite constitutions when society, politics, or power relations change.
- The Soviet Union had four constitutions during its 74-year existence: 1918, 1924, 1936, and 1977.
- After the disintegration of the USSR in 1991, Russia adopted a new constitution in 1993.
2. Meaning of Flexible and Rigid
- The Indian Constitution combines flexibility and rigidity.
- Flexible parts can be changed by a simple law of Parliament.
- Rigid parts need a special amendment procedure.
3. Article 368 and the Amendment Procedure
- Article 368 gives Parliament constituent power to amend the Constitution.
- All constitutional amendments in India are initiated only in Parliament.
- No outside body or constitution commission is needed for amendment.
4. Article 2 and Article 3 as Flexible Amendments
- Article 2 allows Parliament to admit new states into the Union by law.
- Article 3 allows Parliament to alter the areas and boundaries of states by law.
- These changes do not need the Article 368 special amendment procedure.
Key Concepts
Central concept: The Indian Constitution evolves through amendment, interpretation, and political practice while preserving its basic structure
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