Thinking
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 11 · Psychology
Complete topic list for Thinking in Madhya Pradesh Board Class 11 Psychology. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Thinking
1. Nature of Thinking
- Thinking is the base of all cognitive activities and processes.
- Thinking is unique to human beings.
- Thinking is an internal mental process and can only be inferred from overt behaviour.
2. Processes of Thinking: Problem Solving, Reasoning, and Decision-making
- Problem solving is goal-directed thinking.
- Problem solving has an initial state and an end state connected by several mental operations.
- Mental set is a tendency to repeat already tried mental operations or steps.
3. Creative Thinking
- Everyday creativity is different from special talent creativity.
- Creative thinking is not only about novelty; originality is also necessary.
- Creative thinking must be reality-oriented, appropriate, constructive, and socially desirable.
4. Lateral Thinking and Six Thinking Hats
- Edward de Bono used the term lateral thinking for what Guilford called divergent thinking.
- Vertical thinking digs the same hole deeper.
- Lateral thinking is concerned with digging a hole in another place.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Thinking as a human cognitive process
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