Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
Nagaland Board · Class 11 · Biology
Flashcards for Photosynthesis in Higher Plants — Nagaland Board Class 11 Biology. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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What is photosynthesis and why is it important for life on Earth?
Answer
Photosynthesis is a physico-chemical process by which green plants use light energy to synthesize organic compounds from CO₂ and water. It is important because: 1) It is the primary source of all food…
What did Priestley's experiment demonstrate about plants and air quality?
Answer
Priestley's experiment (1770) showed that plants restore to the air whatever breathing animals and burning candles remove. He observed that a candle would extinguish and a mouse would suffocate in a c…
Write the overall equation for photosynthesis and explain what each component represents.
Answer
6CO₂ + 12H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6H₂O + 6O₂ Where: - 6CO₂ = six molecules of carbon dioxide (raw material) - 12H₂O = twelve molecules of water (raw material and hydrogen donor) - C₆H₁₂O₆ = glucose (main prod…
What are the four main pigments involved in photosynthesis and their colors?
Answer
1. Chlorophyll a - bright or blue green (most abundant, forms reaction center) 2. Chlorophyll b - yellow green (accessory pigment) 3. Xanthophylls - yellow (accessory pigment) 4. Carotenoids - yellow …
What are the two main phases of photosynthesis and where do they occur in the chloroplast?
Answer
1. Light Reactions (Photochemical reactions): - Occur in thylakoid membranes - Light-dependent - Produce ATP, NADPH, and O₂ 2. Dark Reactions (Carbon reactions/Calvin cycle): - Occur in s…
What are Photosystem I and Photosystem II? What are their reaction centers?
Answer
Photosystem I (PS I): - Reaction center: P700 (absorbs light at 700 nm) - Located in stroma lamellae Photosystem II (PS II): - Reaction center: P680 (absorbs light at 680 nm) - Located in thylakoid m…
Explain the Z-scheme of light reactions in photosynthesis.
Answer
The Z-scheme describes electron flow through both photosystems: 1. PS II absorbs light (680 nm), electrons get excited and move to electron acceptor 2. Electrons move downhill through electron transpo…
What is water splitting and what are its products?
Answer
Water splitting (photolysis) occurs in PS II and breaks down water molecules: 2H₂O → 4H⁺ + O₂ + 4e⁻ Products: - 4H⁺ (protons) - accumulate in thylakoid lumen, create proton gradient - O₂ (oxygen) - …
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