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Trigonometric Functions — Syllabus

Punjab Board · Class 11 · Mathematics

What Trigonometric Functions covers in Punjab Board Class 11 Mathematics: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Topics include Angles – Degree and Radian.

42 questions26 flashcards7 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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A diagram illustrating the definition of an angle as a measure of rotation, showing the initial side, terminal side, and vertex. It clearly distinguishes between positive (anti-clockwise) and negative
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4 Topics · Punjab Board Class 11 Mathematics · 2026-27

Topics in Trigonometric Functions

1

Angles – Degree and Radian Measure

  • An angle is the measure of rotation of a ray from its initial position (initial side) to its final position (terminal side). The fixed point is called the vertex.
  • Anticlockwise rotation gives a POSITIVE angle. Clockwise rotation gives a NEGATIVE angle.
  • One complete revolution = 360° = 2π radians.
2

Trigonometric Functions via Unit Circle

  • A unit circle has centre at origin O and radius = 1. For any point P(a, b) on the unit circle with angle AOP = x radians (measured from positive x-axis), we DEFINE: cos x = a (x-coordinate) and sin x
  • Since P lies on the unit circle: a² + b² = 1, giving the fundamental identity: sin²x + cos²x = 1.
  • The other four functions are defined as: tan x = sin x / cos x, cot x = cos x / sin x, sec x = 1 / cos x, cosec x = 1 / sin x.
3

Signs and Values of Trig Functions in All Quadrants

  • Quadrant I (0 < x < π/2): ALL trig functions are POSITIVE.
  • Quadrant II (π/2 < x < π): Only SIN and COSEC are positive. All others are negative.
  • Quadrant III (π < x < 3π/2): Only TAN and COT are positive. All others are negative.
4

Trigonometric Identities – Sum and Difference Formulas

  • These are the MOST IMPORTANT formulas in this chapter. Virtually every proof and evaluation question uses them.
  • Core Sum Formulas: sin(x+y) = sin x cos y + cos x sin y. cos(x+y) = cos x cos y – sin x sin y. tan(x+y) = (tan x + tan y)/(1 – tan x tan y).
  • Core Difference Formulas: sin(x–y) = sin x cos y – cos x sin y. cos(x–y) = cos x cos y + sin x sin y. tan(x–y) = (tan x – tan y)/(1 + tan x tan y).

Key Concepts

An angle is formed by rotatingThe radian is a unitUsing a unit circle (radius =For y = sin xThe unit circle is divided into

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Trigonometric Functions for Punjab Board Class 11 Mathematics?
Key topics in Trigonometric Functions include Angles – Degree and Radian Measure, Trigonometric Functions via Unit Circle, Signs and Values of Trig Functions in All Quadrants, Trigonometric Identities – Sum and Difference Formulas. Study these first, then practise questions on each for Class 11 exams.
How should I revise Trigonometric Functions for Class 11 exams?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 42 practice questions on Trigonometric Functions. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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All Punjab Board Class 11 Mathematics Syllabus

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