Matrices — Formula Sheet
Punjab Board · Class 12 · Mathematics
3 formulas from Matrices (Punjab Board Class 12 Mathematics) on one page, grouped by topic. Includes Square Matrix and The (i,k)-th element of AB.
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Formulas and Key Relations
Types of Matrices
Square Matrix
Number of rows = Number of columns (order n×n). Example: A 3×3 matrix.
Operations on Matrices — Addition and Scalar Multiplication
If A = [a_ij] and B = [b_ij] are both m×n matrices, then A + B = [a_ij + b_ij]_{m×n} (add corresponding elements).
Multiplication of Matrices
The (i,k)-th element of AB
c_ik = Σ(j=1 to n) a_ij × b_jk = a_i1×b_1k + a_i2×b_2k + ... + a_in×b_nk.
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