Discrete Mathematics
Tamil Nadu Board · Class 12 · Mathematics
Quick revision notes for Discrete Mathematics — Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Mathematics. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
12.1 & 12.2 Introduction and Binary Operations
- Discrete Mathematics deals with finite or countably infinite sets, unlike continuous mathematics which involves uncountable real numbers
- A binary operation (*) on a non-empty set S is a rule that assigns a unique element of S to every ordered pair (a,b) from S × S
- For a binary operation to be valid, it must satisfy the CLOSURE PROPERTY: a*b must always be in S
12.3 Mathematical Logic - Statements and Connectives
- A STATEMENT (or PROPOSITION) is a declarative sentence that is either TRUE or FALSE, but never both or neither
- Not all sentences are statements: questions, commands, exclamations, and paradoxes are not statements
- Truth value T (true) = 1, Truth value F (false) = 0
12.3.3-12.3.5 Tautology, Contradiction, Equivalence, and Laws
- TAUTOLOGY: A statement formula that is ALWAYS TRUE, regardless of truth values of component statements (denoted 𝕋)
- CONTRADICTION: A statement formula that is ALWAYS FALSE, regardless of truth values of component statements (denoted 𝔽)
- CONTINGENCY: A statement formula that is neither tautology nor contradiction - has both T and F in truth table
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