Cell : The Unit of Life
Tripura Board · Class 11 · Biology
Flashcards for Cell : The Unit of Life — Tripura Board Class 11 Biology. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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What is the cell theory? State its three main postulates.
Answer
The cell theory states: (i) All living organisms are composed of cells and products of cells. (ii) All cells arise from pre-existing cells (Omnis cellula-e cellula). (iii) The cell is the fundamental …
Define prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Give examples of each.
Answer
Prokaryotic cells: Cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus. The genetic material is naked and not enclosed by nuclear membrane. Examples: bacteria, blue-green algae, mycoplasma, PPLO. Eukaryotic cell…
What are the four basic shapes of bacteria?
Answer
The four basic shapes of bacteria are: 1. Bacillus - rod-like shape, 2. Coccus - spherical shape, 3. Vibrio - comma-shaped, 4. Spirillum - spiral shape. These different shapes help in bacterial identi…
What is a mesosome? What are its functions?
Answer
Mesosome is a specialized differentiated form of cell membrane found in prokaryotes. It is formed by infoldings of the plasma membrane in the form of vesicles, tubules, and lamellae. Functions: helps …
Describe the structure of the prokaryotic cell envelope.
Answer
The prokaryotic cell envelope consists of three tightly bound layers: 1. Outermost glycocalyx (slime layer or capsule), 2. Cell wall (determines shape and provides structural support), 3. Plasma membr…
What is the difference between 70S and 80S ribosomes?
Answer
70S ribosomes: Found in prokaryotes, composed of 50S and 30S subunits, smaller in size (15nm x 20nm). 80S ribosomes: Found in eukaryotes, composed of 60S and 40S subunits, larger in size. Both types a…
What is the fluid mosaic model? Who proposed it?
Answer
The fluid mosaic model was proposed by Singer and Nicolson (1972) to explain cell membrane structure. It describes the membrane as a fluid lipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it. The quasi-fluid n…
Differentiate between passive transport and active transport across cell membrane.
Answer
Passive transport: Movement of molecules without energy requirement, along concentration gradient (high to low). Examples: simple diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion. Active transport: Movement …
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