Social Institutions: Continuity and Change

Caste is determined by birth, Marriage is restricted within the caste (endogamy), Occupations are hereditary, Hierarchical arrangement of castes

The traditional caste system has several defining features: birth determines caste membership, marriage is restricted within caste groups (endogamy), occupations are passed down through generations, and castes are arranged hierarchically. Caste cannot be changed through individual choice.

No written religious text, No sharp class divisions, No state or political form of normal kind

Tribes in India have been defined by what they were not: they did not practice a religion with written text, did not have sharp class divisions, and did not have a state or political form of the normal kind. Urban lifestyle and industrial occupations are not traditional tribal characteristics.

Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

The Government of India Act of 1935 gave legal recognition to the lists or 'schedules' of castes and tribes marked for special treatment by the state. This is how the terms 'Scheduled Castes' and 'Scheduled Tribes' came into being.

False

False. A nuclear family consists of only one set of parents and their children. It is the extended family (joint family) that has more than two generations living together, such as grandparents, parents, and children.