Mathematical and Logical Reasoning — Flashcards
CBSE · Class 11 · Applied Mathematics
20 flashcards for Mathematical and Logical Reasoning (CBSE Class 11 Applied Mathematics) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What is a mathematically acceptable statement? Give an example.
Answer
A mathematically acceptable statement is a sentence that is either true or false but not both. It has a definite truth value. Example: 'The capital of India is New Delhi' is a statement (true) 'An ap…
How is negation represented and what is its truth table?
Answer
If p is a statement, then the negation of p is denoted by ~p and read as 'not p'. Truth Table for Negation: Statement p | Negation ~p True | False False | True Example: If p: 'Fire is hot…
What is a compound statement with 'and'? When is it true?
Answer
A compound statement with 'and' is made up of two or more component statements connected by 'and'. Truth conditions: • TRUE only when ALL component statements are true • FALSE if ANY component statem…
Explain inclusive 'or' vs exclusive 'or' with examples.
Answer
Inclusive OR: True when at least one component is true (allows both to be true) Exclusive OR: True when exactly one component is true (not both) Inclusive OR example: 'Students who have Biology OR Ch…
What are quantifiers? Give examples of 'there exists' and 'for all'.
Answer
Quantifiers are phrases like 'there exists' and 'for all' used in mathematical statements. 'There exists' (∃): Means at least one such object exists Example: 'There exists a rectangle whose all sides…
What is an implication 'if p then q'? What does p ⇒ q mean?
Answer
'If p then q' is an implication denoted as p ⇒ q (p implies q) Key points: • If p is true, then q must be true • If p is false, we cannot conclude anything about q • p is called the hypothesis/antece…
What is the contrapositive of 'if p then q'? Give an example.
Answer
The contrapositive of 'if p then q' is 'if ~q then ~p' Original: If a number is divisible by 9, then it is divisible by 3 Contrapositive: If a number is not divisible by 3, then it is not divisible b…
What is the converse of 'if p then q'? Is it equivalent to the original?
Answer
The converse of 'if p then q' is 'if q then p' Original: If a number is divisible by 10, then it is divisible by 5 Converse: If a number is divisible by 5, then it is divisible by 10 Important: The …
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
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