Early Societies: Timeline 1 (6 MYA To 1 BCE) — Chapter Summary
CBSE · Class 11 · History
Summary of Early Societies: Timeline 1 (6 MYA To 1 BCE) for CBSE Class 11 History. Part of the CBSE Class 11 History syllabus.
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Overview
Early societies developed through long and uneven changes in human life. The timeline begins with the emergence of human ancestors in Africa and moves through the growth of hunting, gathering, fire use, language, farming, animal domestication, settlement, craft production, trade, cities, writing, an
Key Concepts
Australopithecus fossils in Africa are dated
Australopithecus fossils in Africa are dated to 5.6 million years ago. Homo sapiens fossils appear in Africa at 195,000 BP, in West Asia at 100,000 BP
Evidence of fire is dated
Evidence of fire is dated to 1.4 million years ago in Africa, 400,000 BP in Europe, and 700,000 BP in China. Fire changed human life by helping with w
The shift from nomadic life
The shift from nomadic life to settled agriculture began around 10,000 years ago. People gradually learned where plants grew and how they could be cul
West Asia produced wheat
West Asia produced wheat, barley, peas, and pulses. East and Southeast Asia produced millet and rice. Millet was also grown in Africa. Domesticated an
New tools included mortars and pestles
New tools included mortars and pestles, stone axes, and hoes. Earthen pots were used for storing grain and cooking food. Copper ores were sometimes co
Learning Objectives
- Understand the main stages in early human history from the appearance of human ancestors to the rise of early states and empires.
- Identify major changes such as fire use, tool-making, agriculture, animal domestication, settlement, trade, cities, and writing.
- Recognise important regional developments in Africa, Europe, Asia, South Asia, the Americas, and Australia/Pacific.
- Explain how increasing trade, village growth, and movement of people helped create small states and cities.
- Use timelines to understand that historical processes overlap and develop at different speeds in different regions.
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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