Magnetism and Matter
CBSE · Class 12 · Physics
Quick revision notes for Magnetism and Matter — CBSE Class 12 Physics. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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1. Basic ideas about magnets
- The earth behaves like a magnet and its magnetic field points approximately from geographic south to north.
- A freely suspended bar magnet aligns along the north-south direction.
- Like poles repel and unlike poles attract.
2. Magnetic field lines and their properties
- Magnetic field lines of a magnet or solenoid form continuous closed loops.
- The tangent to a field line at a point gives the direction of the magnetic field at that point.
- Closer field lines mean stronger magnetic field.
3. Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid
- A bar magnet and a finite solenoid show similar field patterns at large distances.
- The axial field of a finite solenoid resembles that of a bar magnet.
- The magnetic moment of a bar magnet is equal to the magnetic moment of an equivalent solenoid that produces the same magnetic field.
4. Torque and magnetic potential energy
- A magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field experiences torque.
- The torque tends to align the magnetic moment with the field.
- Force on the dipole in a uniform field is zero, but torque can be non-zero.
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
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