Cultural Heritage of India: Sculpture and Architecture
Gujarat Board · Class 10 · Social Science
Quick revision notes for Cultural Heritage of India: Sculpture and Architecture — Gujarat Board Class 10 Social Science. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
Basic Concepts and Definitions
- Sculpture is the art of carving figures or designs with facial expressions using chisel and hammer
- Architecture (Vastu in Sanskrit) is the art of construction including buildings, temples, forts, and towns
- Indian architecture demonstrates advanced planning, engineering skills, and artistic excellence
Ancient Indian Town Planning
- Towns were divided into three sections: Citadel (rulers' fort), upper town (officers), lower town (common people)
- Harappa and Mohenjo-daro had the best town planning in ancient world
- Advanced drainage system, wide roads, public baths, and systematic house construction
Major Harappan Sites
- Mohenjo-daro: Best town planning, 9.75m wide roads, advanced drainage, public baths
- Harappa: First discovered site, systematic granaries and forts
- Dholavira: White-painted walls, strong fortification, water purification system
Mauryan Art and Architecture
- Stupas: Oval-shaped structures containing Buddha's relics
- Five famous Ashoka stupas: Sanchi, Sarnath, Bharat, Nandangadh, Devanimori
- Pillars with inscriptions in Brahmi script
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