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Population

Gujarat Board · Class 12 · Geography

Quick revision notes for Population — Gujarat Board Class 12 Geography. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

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Key Topics to Revise

1

Population Distribution and Density

  • Population density = Average number of persons per sq. km of area.
  • World population is unevenly distributed — a major part resides in a small fraction of land area.
  • Four major high-population regions of the world: South Asia, East Asia, East-Central North America, and Western Europe.
2

Regions of Population Density – World and India

  • HIGH DENSITY (>100/sq.km) — World: Central and South Japan, Southern Manchuria, Yangtze Valley, East coast of Vietnam, Belgium-Netherlands-NE France, Nile delta; India: Satluj-Ganga plains, Ganga-Brah
  • MEDIUM DENSITY (50–100/sq.km) — World: North Japan, North Korea, Irrawaddy delta (Myanmar), Mekong delta (Vietnam), West coast of Malaysia, Sindhu plains (Pakistan); India: South India Plateau, Malwa
  • LOW DENSITY (10–49/sq.km) — World: Western China, Central/Northern Thailand and Myanmar, Western Iran, plains of Sweden, Northern East Russia, West Africa (Nigeria to Senegal), East Africa and Ethiopi
3

India's Population – Size and Regional Disparities

  • As per 2011 census, India's population = 121.02 crore (an increase of 18.15 crore over 2001's 102.87 crore).
  • India ranks 7th in world by area, 2nd by population.
  • Every 6th person in the world is an Indian.
4

Factors Influencing Population Density

  • GEOGRAPHICAL FACTORS: Latitude, Relief, Climate, Soil.
  • Latitude: High latitudes = extreme cold = sparse population (e.g., Alaska, Siberia). Mid-latitudes = favourable climate = high density.
  • Relief: High altitude (Himalayas, Andes, Rockies, Tibetan plateau, Bolivian plateau) = sparse population. Plains = dense population. All ancient civilisations grew in river plains.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Population density is defined asPopulation density is shaped by (1)Population growth is the increaseSex ratio is the numberLiteracy rate is an indicator

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Population for Gujarat Board Class 12 Geography?
Key topics in Population include Population - Full Chapter Concept Map, Factors Influencing Population Density, Population – Complete Chapter Overview. These are the concepts Gujarat Board Class 12 examiners draw on most — study them first, then practise related questions.
How to score full marks in Population — Gujarat Board Class 12 Geography?
Start by understanding all key concepts. Practise previous year questions from this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly. Use flashcards for quick revision before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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