Chapter 2 of 13
Syllabus
Population — Syllabus
Gujarat Board · Class 12 · Geography
What Population covers in Gujarat Board Class 12 Geography: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the Gujarat Board Class 12 Geography syllabus.
3 formulas & key relations5 concepts
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4 Topics · Gujarat Board Class 12 Geography · 2026-27
Topics in Population
1
Population Distribution and Density
- Population density = Average number of persons per sq. km of area.
- World population is unevenly distributed — a major part resides in a small fraction of land area.
- Four major high-population regions of the world: South Asia, East Asia, East-Central North America, and Western Europe.
2
Regions of Population Density – World and India
- HIGH DENSITY (>100/sq.km) — World: Central and South Japan, Southern Manchuria, Yangtze Valley, East coast of Vietnam, Belgium-Netherlands-NE France, Nile delta; India: Satluj-Ganga plains, Ganga-Brah
- MEDIUM DENSITY (50–100/sq.km) — World: North Japan, North Korea, Irrawaddy delta (Myanmar), Mekong delta (Vietnam), West coast of Malaysia, Sindhu plains (Pakistan); India: South India Plateau, Malwa
- LOW DENSITY (10–49/sq.km) — World: Western China, Central/Northern Thailand and Myanmar, Western Iran, plains of Sweden, Northern East Russia, West Africa (Nigeria to Senegal), East Africa and Ethiopi
3
India's Population – Size and Regional Disparities
- As per 2011 census, India's population = 121.02 crore (an increase of 18.15 crore over 2001's 102.87 crore).
- India ranks 7th in world by area, 2nd by population.
- Every 6th person in the world is an Indian.
4
Factors Influencing Population Density
- GEOGRAPHICAL FACTORS: Latitude, Relief, Climate, Soil.
- Latitude: High latitudes = extreme cold = sparse population (e.g., Alaska, Siberia). Mid-latitudes = favourable climate = high density.
- Relief: High altitude (Himalayas, Andes, Rockies, Tibetan plateau, Bolivian plateau) = sparse population. Plains = dense population. All ancient civilisations grew in river plains.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Population
Population Distribution and DensityFactors Influencing Population DensityPopulation Size and GrowthComposition of PopulationHuman DevelopmentIndia Population Policy 2000
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What are the important topics in Population for Gujarat Board Class 12 Geography?
Key topics in Population include Population Distribution and Density, Regions of Population Density – World and India, India's Population – Size and Regional Disparities, Factors Influencing Population Density. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Gujarat Board Class 12 board exam.
Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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