Data Handling
Gujarat Board · Class 7 · Mathematics
Complete topic list for Data Handling in Gujarat Board Class 7 Mathematics. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Data Handling
Representative Values and Arithmetic Mean
- Average is a number that represents or shows the central tendency of a group of observations or data.
- The average (mean) lies between the highest and the lowest value of the data — it is never smaller than the minimum or larger than the maximum.
- Arithmetic Mean (A.M.) = Sum of all observations ÷ Number of observations.
Mode
- The mode of a set of observations is the observation that occurs most often (has the highest frequency).
- A dataset can have more than one mode — if two or more values occur the same (highest) number of times, all of them are modes.
- To find mode of large data, organise the data in a frequency table using tally marks.
Median
- Median is the middle value of a dataset when the observations are arranged in ascending (or descending) order.
- Exactly half the observations are above the median and half are below it.
- To find the median: Step 1 — Arrange data in ascending order. Step 2 — Find the middle value.
Bar Graphs and Double Bar Graphs
- A bar graph is a visual representation of data using bars of uniform (equal) width. The length of each bar represents the frequency or value of that category.
- Steps to draw a bar graph: (1) Draw horizontal (X-axis) and vertical (Y-axis) axes. (2) Label axes. (3) Choose a suitable scale. (4) Draw bars of equal width with uniform gaps. (5) Give a title.
- Scale selection: Start at 0. Find the highest value in data. Choose a scale so that the graph is neither too tall nor too small (e.g., 1 unit = 10 or 100).
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