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Revision Notes
Natural Disasters — Revision Notes
Gujarat Board · Class 8 · Social Science
Natural Disasters revision notes for Gujarat Board Class 8 Social Science: 4 topics in quick points. Includes Types of Natural Disasters – An Overview.
44 questions5 concepts
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Key Topics to Revise
1
Types of Natural Disasters – An Overview
- Natural disasters are of two broad types: interior-origin and surface-origin.
- Interior-origin disasters: Earthquake, Volcano, Tsunami.
- Surface-origin disasters: Flood, Famine, Cyclone, Forest Fire, Landslide.
2
Earthquake
- An earthquake is the sudden shaking or trembling of the Earth's crust.
- It occurs due to internal disturbances – collision of tectonic plates or tremendous pressure inside the Earth.
- Earthquake waves originate from the HYPOCENTER (also called FOCUS), which is deep below the Earth's surface.
3
Volcano
- A volcano is an opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava, rock fragments, ash, dust, and gases are ejected.
- Four main reasons for volcanic eruption: (1) High temperature inside Earth, (2) Creation of magma, (3) Creation of gases and vapour, (4) Rising of magma towards Earth's surface.
- Magma is pushed upward by gases lying beneath it and by pressurized steam/vapour from water seeping through cracks.
4
Tsunami
- Tsunami refers to high oceanic waves created due to volcanic eruption or earthquake on the sea floor.
- These waves have an extremely large wavelength – approximately 700 to 1600 km.
- Tsunami waves travel with great speed and force across the ocean.
Get complete notes with diagrams and examples
Full NotesKey Concepts
Natural disasters are suddenAn earthquake is sudden shakingA volcano is an openingTsunami refers to high oceanic wavesA flood is an excessive flow
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the important topics in Natural Disasters for Gujarat Board Class 8 Social Science?
Key topics in Natural Disasters include Types of Natural Disasters – An Overview, Earthquake, Volcano, Tsunami. Study these first, then practise questions on each for Class 8 exams.
How should I revise Natural Disasters for Class 8 exams?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 44 practice questions on Natural Disasters. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.
Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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