Arrival of Europeans In India
Gujarat Board · Class 8 · Social Science
Complete topic list for Arrival of Europeans In India in Gujarat Board Class 8 Social Science. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Arrival of Europeans In India
Why Europeans Came to India — Background
- India was world-famous for its wealth, culture, and trade goods like silk, cotton, muslin, black pepper, and spices.
- Earlier, European merchants used the land route through Constantinople (now Istanbul) to reach India.
- When Turk Muslims conquered Constantinople, the land route was blocked for European traders.
Christopher Columbus and the Discovery of America
- Columbus was an Italian explorer who believed the Earth was round and that one could reach the East (India) by sailing West.
- He set out to find the sea route to India but accidentally reached the continent of America.
- Columbus never realised his mistake and died believing he had reached India.
The Portuguese — First Europeans to Reach India
- Vasco-Da-Gama, a Portuguese explorer, successfully discovered the sea route to India.
- He sailed around the Cape of Good Hope (southern tip of South Africa) and crossed the Indian Ocean.
- He arrived at the Port of Calicut on 22nd May 1498 — a landmark date in world history.
The Dutch — Arrival and Decline
- The Dutch came from Holland (now known as the Netherlands).
- They arrived in India at the end of the 16th century, about 100 years after the Portuguese.
- They established forts at Pulicat and Madras (now Chennai).
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