Environmental Health and Disease Prevention — Syllabus
ICSE · Class 11 · Environmental Science
What Environmental Health and Disease Prevention covers in ICSE Class 11 Environmental Science: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.
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Topics in Environmental Health and Disease Prevention
Health and Environment
- Health has three dimensions: physical, mental, and social.
- A healthy environment supports good health through clean air, safe drinking water, nutritious food, and hygienic surroundings.
- Polluted air, contaminated water, poor sanitation, and waste accumulation increase disease risk.
Communicable Diseases
- Communicable diseases spread from one person to another through pathogens.
- They are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, or parasites.
- Examples include cholera, malaria, tuberculosis, and dengue.
Malaria
- Malaria is caused by Plasmodium, a protozoan parasite.
- In humans, malaria is caused by four Plasmodium species: P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax.
- It is transmitted through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.
Enteric Diseases and Safe Water
- Enteric diseases are infections of the intestinal tract spread through contaminated food and water.
- Cholera, typhoid, and dysentery are examples of enteric diseases.
- Poor sanitation, open defecation, and poorly managed sewage contaminate water sources.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Health and disease prevention as outcomes of the relationship between environment, lifestyle, sanitation, nutrition, and healthcare systems
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Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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