Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) — Syllabus
ICSE · Class 12 · Artificial Intelligence
What Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) covers in ICSE Class 12 Artificial Intelligence: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.
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Topics in Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
1. Core Idea of ANN
- ANN is an acronym for Artificial Neural Network.
- An ANN is a computing system inspired by the biological brain.
- It processes information through interconnected processing units called neurons.
2. Biological Neuron and Its Parts
- A neuron has four parts: dendrites, soma, axon, and synapses.
- Dendrites receive information from other neurons.
- Soma or cell body processes the information received from dendrites.
3. Structure of an ANN
- A neural network has input, hidden, and output layers.
- The input layer receives raw data with no processing.
- The hidden layer performs feature extraction and complex computation.
4. Forward Propagation and Backward Propagation
- Forward propagation and backward propagation are the two phases of training an ANN.
- Forward propagation moves data from the input layer to the output layer to generate a prediction.
- Backward propagation uses the error between the prediction and the actual output.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Artificial Neural Network
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