What is History

Ancient period

Step 1: The Indus Valley Civilisation is one of the oldest known civilisations in India. Step 2: The Ancient period covers the history of the oldest times, from the beginning of human species to early empires. Step 3: The Indus Valley Civilisation falls in this oldest time — so it belongs to the Ancient period. Step 4: The Medieval period came later (around 8th to 18th century), and the Modern period is even more recent. Step 5: So the correct answer is the Ancient period.

8th century to 18th century

Step 1: According to the textbook, Indian history is divided into three time periods. Step 2: The Ancient period lasts till around the 8th century. After the Ancient period comes the Medieval period. Step 3: The Medieval period in Indian history begins around the 8th century and lasts till the 18th century. Step 4: After the 18th century begins the Modern period. Step 5: So the correct time range for the Medieval period is 8th century to 18th century.

When the British began to gain control over parts of India

Step 1: According to the textbook, the Modern period in Indian history has a specific starting point. Step 2: It started in the later half of the 18th century, from the time the British began to gain control over parts of India. Step 3: The Mughals came to India during the Medieval period, not the Modern period. Step 4: Independence in 1947 happened during the Modern period but did not mark its beginning. Step 5: So the correct answer is — when the British began to gain control over parts of India.

Time is continuous and never stops

Step 1: The textbook explains that past, present, and future do not have a fixed division — they are made up by humans for easy understanding. Step 2: A moment of our present becomes the past in the very next moment. Step 3: This means time is continuous — it never stops. Step 4: Time does not stop at night, does not move backwards, and the three divisions are not completely separate — they flow into each other. Step 5: So the correct statement is that time is continuous and never stops.