Pure Substances & Mixtures: Separation of Mixtures — Flashcards

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A mixture is formed when two or more substances are combined physically without any chemical change. The components retain their individual properties and can be present in any proportion. Example: Ai…

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A pure substance is made up of only one kind of particle (atoms or molecules) and has fixed properties. Examples: Gold (element), sugar (compound).

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Air is a mixture because: 1. It contains gases like nitrogen, oxygen, CO₂ in variable proportions. 2. Each gas retains its own properties. 3. No chemical reaction occurs between them. 4. Can be separa…

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Water is a compound because: 1. It is formed by a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in a fixed ratio (2:1). 2. Has fixed boiling and melting points. 3. Properties differ from its elements …

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1. Homogeneous mixture – components are uniformly distributed (e.g., salt solution). 2. Heterogeneous mixture – components are not uniform and can be seen separately (e.g., sand and iron filings).

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1. Salt dissolved in water. 2. Alcohol mixed with water. These appear uniform throughout and do not separate on standing.

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1. Sand and water – layers form on standing. 2. Oil and water – immiscible liquids that separate. Components can be seen separately.

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A solution is a homogeneous mixture of a solute (substance that dissolves) and a solvent (substance in which solute dissolves). Example: Sugar (solute) in water (solvent).