The River Valley Civilisation: Mesopotamian Civilisation — Syllabus
ICSE · Class 6 · History & Civics
What The River Valley Civilisation: Mesopotamian Civilisation covers in ICSE Class 6 History & Civics: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.
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Topics in The River Valley Civilisation: Mesopotamian Civilisation
Meaning and Characteristics of Civilisation
- Civilisation refers to a society that goes beyond basic needs like food and shelter to develop culture, government, and technology.
- Mesopotamia means 'land between the rivers' — the Tigris and Euphrates.
- Early civilisations developed near rivers due to fertile soil, water for irrigation, and transport.
Extent and Sources of Mesopotamian Civilisation
- Flourished around 4000 BCE to 6th century BCE in present-day Iraq.
- Major regions: Sumer (south), Akkad and Babylonia (central), Assyria (north).
- Sources of information: Archaeological findings (ziggurats, seals) and literary texts (Epic of Gilgamesh).
Social Structure and Family Life
- Society was divided into three classes: Priests/officials/warriors, Businessmen/skilled workers, and Slaves.
- The king and priests were at the top; slaves were at the bottom.
- Family was important — father was the head, children were educated strictly.
Religion, Art, and Architecture
- Mesopotamians were polytheistic — they worshipped many gods like Marduk, Ishtar, and An.
- Each city had its own god and a temple called Ziggurat.
- Ziggurats were multi-storeyed temples made of baked bricks.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Mesopotamian Civilisation
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