Human Health and Disease
Jammu & Kashmir Board · Class 12 · Biology
Complete topic list for Human Health and Disease in Jammu & Kashmir Board Class 12 Biology. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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1. Health, Disease and Common Infectious Diseases
- Health is not just the absence of disease or physical fitness; it includes physical, mental and social well-being.
- Good health depends on balanced diet, personal hygiene, regular exercise, clean water, proper rest and safe habits.
- Diseases are broadly of two types: infectious and non-infectious.
2. Immunity and the Human Immune System
- Immunity is the overall ability of the host to fight disease-causing organisms.
- Immunity is of two types: innate immunity and acquired immunity.
- Innate immunity is present at birth and is non-specific.
3. AIDS and HIV Infection
- AIDS stands for Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome.
- AIDS is acquired during the lifetime of a person and is not congenital.
- AIDS was first reported in 1981 and has killed more than 25 million persons.
4. Cancer
- Cancer is a major cause of death and is due to uncontrolled cell division.
- Normal cells show contact inhibition, so their growth stops when they touch neighbouring cells.
- Cancer cells lose contact inhibition and keep dividing.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Human health, disease prevention, immunity, infectious diseases, AIDS, cancer, and drug abuse
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