Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

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The compass needle deflects from its original position. This demonstrates that an electric current produces a magnetic field around the conductor. The direction of deflection depends on the direction …

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Point your right thumb in the direction of current (north to south). Your fingers curl clockwise when viewed from the north end. At a point east of the wire, the magnetic field points vertically downw…

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Iron filings align along magnetic field lines due to the magnetic force they experience. A current-carrying straight wire produces concentric circular magnetic field lines around it, so the iron filin…

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Fleming's Left-Hand Rule determines the direction of force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. Stretch thumb, forefinger, and middle finger perpendicular to each other. Forefinger = m…

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Maximum force occurs when the conductor is perpendicular (90°) to the magnetic field. When current direction and magnetic field are parallel, the force is zero. The force is given by F = BIL sin θ, wh…

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The magnetic field inside a solenoid is uniform and parallel, similar to inside a bar magnet. The solenoid behaves like a bar magnet with distinct north and south poles. Field lines are straight and p…

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Magnetic field strength is directly proportional to the current. More current means more moving charges, which produce stronger magnetic effects. This is why electromagnets become stronger when more c…

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The magnetic field direction reverses completely. If originally clockwise, it becomes anticlockwise and vice versa. This follows the right-hand thumb rule - when current direction changes, the curl of…