Structure of Atoms and Nuclei — Important Questions
Maharashtra Board · Class 12 · Physics
45 important questions from Structure of Atoms and Nuclei for Maharashtra Board Class 12 Physics, with answers. Written for the board exams 2027.
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Important Questions from Structure of Atoms and Nuclei
Which of the following are postulates of Bohr's atomic model? (Select all correct answers)
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Electrons revolve around nucleus in circular orbits, Angular momentum is quantized: L = nh/2π, Energy is emitted when electron transitions from higher to lower orbit
Bohr's three postulates are: (1) Electrons revolve in circular orbits, (2) Angular momentum is quantized as L = nh/2π, and (3) Energy is emitted as photons during transitions between orbits. Electrons do NOT emit radiation continuously in stable orbits.
The wavelength formula for hydrogen spectrum is given by 1/λ = R(1/n² - 1/m²). For the Balmer series, what is the value of n?
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n = 2
For the Balmer series, n = 2. This series corresponds to electron transitions from higher energy levels (m = 3, 4, 5...) to the second energy level (n = 2). The Balmer series lies in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
A nucleus has mass number A = 56 and atomic number Z = 26. How many neutrons does it contain?
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30
Number of neutrons N = A - Z = 56 - 26 = 30. The mass number A represents the total number of nucleons (protons + neutrons), while Z represents the number of protons. This nucleus is iron-56.
Calculate the binding energy of a nucleus if the mass defect is 0.5 u. (Given: 1 u = 931.5 MeV/c²)
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465.75 MeV
Using Einstein's mass-energy relation: E = Δmc². Binding energy = 0.5 u × 931.5 MeV/u = 465.75 MeV. This is the energy required to separate all nucleons in the nucleus or the energy released when the nucleus is formed.
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