Sense Organs — Flashcards
Telangana Board · Class 9 · Biology
24 flashcards for Sense Organs (Telangana Board Class 9 Biology) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "What is the complete pathway from.
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What is the complete pathway from stimulus to sensation? Explain the process.
Answer
The pathway involves four main steps: 1) Stimulus from environment (light, sound, chemicals, etc.) 2) Reception by specialized receptors in sense organs 3) Conversion to nerve impulses (electrical sig…
Define sensory receptors and explain their role in sensation.
Answer
Sensory receptors are specialized cells or structures in sense organs that detect specific types of stimuli from the environment. They convert physical or chemical energy into nerve impulses. Each rec…
Compare rods and cones in the human eye.
Answer
RODS: 125 million in number, contain rhodopsin pigment, function in dim light/night vision, detect light intensity only (no color), distributed throughout retina except fovea. CONES: 7 million in numb…
What is accommodation in the eye and how does it work?
Answer
Accommodation is the eye's ability to change its focal length to focus on objects at different distances. It involves: 1) Ciliary muscles contract or relax 2) This changes tension in suspensory ligame…
Blind spot
Answer
The blind spot is the area of the retina where the optic nerve exits the eye. It contains no photoreceptors (rods or cones), so no vision occurs here. We don't notice it because: 1) The other eye cove…
A student enters a dark room from bright sunlight and cannot see initially, but gradually vision improves. Explain this phenomenon.
Answer
This is called dark adaptation. In bright light, rods are inactive and cones function. When entering darkness: 1) Cones stop functioning (need bright light) 2) Rods need time to regenerate rhodopsin p…
Describe the structure and function of the three layers of the eyeball.
Answer
1) SCLERA (outermost): Thick, tough, fibrous, white layer providing protection. Forms transparent cornea at front. 2) CHOROID (middle): Black layer with blood vessels, prevents internal light reflecti…
How does the process of hearing work? Explain the pathway of sound waves to sensation.
Answer
1) Sound waves collected by pinna → 2) Travel through auditory canal → 3) Vibrate tympanum (eardrum) → 4) Vibrations amplified by ear bones (malleus, incus, stapes) → 5) Stapes vibrates oval window → …
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