Environment - Economic Development

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The word 'environment' comes from the French word 'Environer', which means 'to surround'. It refers to everything that surrounds us, including both living (animate) and non-living (inanimate) things.

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Animate environment includes all living things such as plants, animals, and human beings. Inanimate environment includes non-living things like rocks, water, air, and soil. These two are interdependen…

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The four main sections of the environment are: 1. **Lithosphere** – the solid outer layer of Earth (land, rocks, soil) 2. **Hydrosphere** – all water bodies (rivers, lakes, oceans, groundwater) 3. **A…

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The biosphere is the part of Earth where life exists. It includes all living organisms — plants, animals, microorganisms — and their interactions with the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. It …

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The environment performs four key functions: 1. Supplies renewable and non-renewable resources (e.g., water, minerals) 2. Absorbs waste (solid, liquid, gas) 3. Provides vital services like biodiversit…

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The environment supplies raw materials (like wood, minerals, water) for economic activities and also absorbs waste from industries and households. For example, forests provide timber for construction,…

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An ecosystem is a complex system of living (plants, animals) and non-living (air, water, soil) components that interact with each other. It includes cycles like water, carbon, and nitrogen, and food c…

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Natural ecosystems (like forests, lakes) form naturally and function without human intervention. They are self-regulating and diverse. Artificial ecosystems (like farms, hydroponics, cities) are creat…